The theme of the novel is the "American Dream". A better understanding of the American dream during the nineteen-twenties is crucial to the understanding of the theme.The decay of the American dream during the nineteen-twenties is portrayed through the life of Gatsby, a wealthy man who believes that the only way to achieve social acceptance is through material wealth. Fitzgerald reveals the corruptness of the ideal lifestyle during this time period through the characters and events Gatsby encounters.
The nineteen-twenties were a time of low social and moral values. After WWI, a sudden rise in the stock market occurred, making it very quick and easy to become wealthy. The importance of wealth and partying replaced many valuable goals. Gatsby is a prefect representation of this lifestyle. Throughout the novel he threw many lavish parties at his mansion but didn't converse or become friendly with any of his guests. This reveals Gatsby’s lack of the correct values. He believes that he will be accepted by flaunting his wealth and power.
Drinking also became more prevalent during the nineteen-twenties. In 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment legally banded drinking. This opened a new world of wealth and power. Illegal distribution of alcohol created new social classes and revealed the corruptness of not only commoners but men of honor like policeman. Drinking was also a way for people to escape their unaccomplished dreams. Attending parties was not only a way to achieve social acceptance, it was also a way to fill the need for pleasure and material wealth during the time period. The people during the nineteen-twenties have been referred to as “the lost generation”. This means that they accomplished nothing of great value. After WWI, many soldiers returned depressed and replaced their feelings of hopelessness with alcohol.
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